A model is a simplified systematic representation of a system
or an object which features the same characteristics as the object or system.
And modelling is the act of creating a virtual representation of the real word
or a system with the use of mathematical equations, block diagrams.

A designed model can be simulated
so as for one to see its behaviour when it is observed, this processes called simulation.
Modelling of systems and simulation go hand in hand in order for optimum
results to be obtained. For example an automobile model can be designed, every
component or part being represented, and how every component interact to make a
whole system and moving mechanism. A simulating is vital as it test the whole
mechanism relative to the main objective and also the design specifications noted.
Is the automobile able to move? Can the automobile be stopped when certain commands
are applied? This are the design specifications that can be answered when simulation
of a model is done.

 

HISTORY OF MODELLING AND SIMULATION

Simulation dated back in the
late 1700s when The Buffon’s needle mathematics problem. His scientific model depends on a needle of a
specific length dropped onto a plane ruled with parallel lines isolated by
units. What is the likelihood of the needle crossing a line?

In the mid-1940s two occasions
established the frameworks for the quick development of the field of re-enactment:

The development of the main PCs
utilized for particular purposes, for example, the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical
Integrator and PC).

·        
Crafted by
Stanislaw Ulam, John Von Neumann and different researchers to utilize the Monte
Carlo technique in current PCs, taking care of neutron dispersion issues in the
plan and improvement of the nuclear bomb. Ulam and Von Neumann were available
on the Manhattan venture.

At that point, IBM had created,
in the vicinity of 1960 and 1961, the universally useful re-enactment Framework
(GPSS). The GPSS was intended to perform teleprocessing recreations, including,
for instance: Urban activity control, administration of phone calls,
reservations of plane tickets, and so on. The straightforwardness of
utilization of this framework made it mainstream as the most regularly utilized
reproduction dialect of the period.

During 1970-1981 advanced
computers tools were used to perform advanced modelling. Improvements got in
information age and to the systems for the enhancement and portrayal of
information, recreation achieved its extension stage, when it started to be
connected in a wide range of fields.

 

IMPORTANCE OF MODELING AND
SIMULATION

Modelling and simulation is
much safer and cheaper relative to other forms of experimental techniques. For example
when military heads tests atomic bombs or any equipment of mass destruction a virtual
world can be designed similar to a normal environment with the same features
the equipment may be used. With this method the risk of failure is reduced
since it is tested in a computer than when a scale model is designed based on
the specifications and tested. And millions of money is saved from what could
have been a failed product, hence testing is vital.

Some simulation of models give
a more life realistic environment as compared to other experimental techniques
which can be used, this method can give more accurate and precise results given
that the virtual environment have the very same features and conditions found
in the real world.

When the model is simulated it
is easy to detect any loopholes or mistakes of the model before it is implemented,
saving a lot of money, time and preventing possible destruction. Modelling and simulation
provide a platform for finding ways of making the whole modelling system or
mechanism more efficient and effective before implementing by correcting
certain loopholes and finding better and effective ways.

 

 

 

 

 

APPLICATIONS OF MODELLING AND
SIMULATION

Modelling and simulation have
been utilized as a part of different parts of the ventures and ordinary
occupations. It was utilized fundamentally to test models and models before
they can be affirmed and be utilized as a part of their particular fields thus
limiting mishaps and disappointment.

Modelling and simulation have
been utilized in the wellbeing area. Used to test how a few illnesses assault
the resistant frameworks and furthermore to concoct a strategy on how the
recommended drugs can be utilized to assault and immune the body shape certain
ailments. Down to earth surgery reproductions have been created so as
specialists and specialists can perform surgeries on models before performing
on a living instrument, this assistance specialists hone and limit botches on
living organism.

The industrial sector also the
concept of modelling and simulation in the designing and manufacturing of
certain goods. Before the goods are taken into the market, models are designed of
that particular product, products   are tested and evaluated under certain design
specifications before released to the public. The models also have to reach certain
set standards e.g. the designed product should be safe to use or durable. The acquired
results after simulation is done shows if the model is competent enough to be released.
If the model doesn’t meet certain standards, the model is re-evaluated again to
ensure that quality products are released. Car manufacturing companies test
their car models under certain real life circumstances such as rainy weather that
reduce friction between the road and tires.

 

Modelling and simulation can also
be used for military operations. Mission rehearsals can be use simulation with
the help of augmented reality which creates a virtual warzone environment which
help military operators rehearse.