Activity
Sheet No. 1

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY – 11

Type of Activity:
        Concept
Notes

Activity Title:              Periods of
ICT Development

Learning Target:         Identify and
describe the breakthroughs in the periods of ICT development.

Reference:                  Empowerment
Technologies

Author:                       Argel
A. Bandala                                                                     Pages:
1-7

 

Information
and Communications Technology
– collectively refers to the technologies, both hardware and software, that
enable humans to communicate with one another. Any form of technology that
enables communication.

Periods of
ICT Development and some of the Breakthroughs at the Time:

1.      Premechanical
Period (3000 BCE – 1450 BCE)

a.      Words and pictograms carved in rocks by early
humans

b.      Symbols and writing systems like the alphabet

c.       Paper, books and libraries

d.      Numerical system and counting techniques
including the abacus

2.      Mechanical
Period (1450 – 1840)

a.      Pascaline – a mechanical calculator, invented by Blaise Pascal and Wilhelm Schickard.

b.      Analytical
Engine – first programmable computer, invented
by Charles Babbage the “Father of
the Computer”.

3.     
Electromechanical Period (1840 – 1940)

a.     
Telegraph
– first device to use electricity to transmit information over and electrical
medium, invented by William Cooke
and Sir Charles Wheatstone.

b.      Morse Code – first digital code, invented by Samuel Morse.

c.       Telephone – first device to convert sound into
electricity and vice-versa, invented by Alexander
Graham Bell.

4.     
Electronic Period (1940 – Present)

a.      Vacuum tubes – light bulb-like device that can control
electric currents.

b.      Transistors – lightweight device that can control and
amplify electronic signals.

c.       Integrated circuit – composed of a group of transistors and
circuits in a single package. Invented by Jack
Kilby.

Activity
Sheet No. 2

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY – 11

Type of Activity:
        Concept
Notes and Skills

Activity Title:              Modern ICT

Learning Target:         Cite and discuss
the concepts in ICT of the modern era.

Reference:                  Empowerment Technologies*, Merriam-Webster
Dictionary

Author:                       Argel
A. Bandala*                                                                   Pages: 10-11*

 

Terminologies:

§  Internet – an electronic communications network that
connects computer networks and organizational computer facilities around the
world.

§  Database – a usually large collection of data
organized especially for rapid search and retrieval.

§  Hypertext – an arrangement of the information in a computer database that
allows the user to get other information by clicking on text displayed on the
screen.

§  World Wide
Web – system that enables access to
hypertext documents like web pages and other files over the Internet.

o  
Web 1.0
– first iteration of the world wide web, allows only the reading or viewing of
webpages. Also known as “Read-only Web”.

o  
Web 2.0
– iteration of the world wide web that allowed user interaction. Viewers of
webpages are now able to edit the content of the files they were accessing.
Also known as “Read-and-write Web”.

§  Social Media – forms of electronic communication (such as websites for
social networking and microblogging) through which users create online
communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content
(such as videos).

§  Virality – a measure of effectiveness of social media.
It can be defined as the rate of reposting or sharing of photos, videos, ideas
and other pieces of information in one social network or across different networks.

Activity:

1.     
Write an essay
enumerating, at least three, different technologies that you have experienced
using and how they have affected your life. These technologies can include:
websites, devices, social media, applications, video games, etc.

2.     
From the
technologies you have enumerated, discuss what features, improvements or any
change you would like to implement to further the development of said
technologies.

Activity
Sheet No. 3

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY – 11

Type of Activity:
        Research

Activity Title:              Government
Provisions for Online Courtesy and Etiquette

Learning Target:         Utilize research
facilities and techniques to obtain valuable information.

Reference:                  –

Author:                       –                                                                       Pages: –

 

Instructions:

As privileged students, you have access to the
school’s research materials and facilities such as the libraries and wireless
internet access. Make use of these advantages and acquire for yourselves
library cards and internet access accounts/vouchers. You may inquire at the
High School Library for details on how to acquire these.

Afterwards, use them to research for Republic
Act 10627 and Republic Act 10175. Using an activity sheet or yellow paper,
write down the following:

1.      Section 2 of Republic Act 10627

2.      Section 4(A) of Republic Act 10175

 

Activity
Sheet

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY – 11

Type of Activity:
        Concept
Notes

Activity Title:              Basic
Principles of Graphics and Layout

Learning Target:         Identify and
discuss the concepts involved in graphics to successfully communicate messages.

Reference:                  Empowerment Technologies

Author:                       Argel
A. Bandala                                                                     Pages: 38-41

 

Terminologies:

§  Infographic – shortened from “information graphic”, which refers to an image that combines
information, storytelling, and perceptions to communicate a message.

§  Lines – most basic of all elements. They can be
used to form shapes, impressions and patterns.

§  Color – used to catch the attention of viewers.

§  Shapes – defined by the enclosure created by
multiple lines. They are universal symbols that do not require language, but
can give specific meaning regardless of the background and ethnicity of the
viewer.

Principles
of Design:

1.      Balance – placement of elements, shapes or lines
throughout the image.

a.      Formal balance – symmetrical and proper distribution
of objects.

b.      Informal balance – nonsymmetrical distribution
of objects but compensated by differences in colors and lines.

2.      Contrast – combination of elements with different
properties and characteristics.

3.      Unity – seen when all of the elements seem to be a
singular element in unison.

4.      Proportion – the correlation of all the elements with
one another. It ensures balance and unity.

5.      Rhythm – described as the elements being placed in
harmony with one another.

Image
File Formats:

1.      Joint
Photographic Experts Group (JPEG or JPG)
– applies a “lossy” compression to create images with small file size but lower
image quality.

2.      Tagged Image
File Format (TIFF) – less common
format supported by browser. Can be either “lossless” (preserves high image
quality) or lossy.

3.      Graphics
Interchange Format (GIF) – lossless,
uses only 256 colors and used to create animated images.

4.      Portable
Network Graphics (PNG) – lossless,
free and open source substitute for GIF.

Activity
Sheet

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY – 11

Type of Activity:
        Concept
Notes

Activity Title:              Web Design
Principles and Elements

Learning Target:         Identify and
discuss the concepts involved in designing web pages in order to create
effective websites.

Reference:                  Empowerment Technologies

Author:                       Argel
A. Bandala                                                                     Pages: 58-60

 

Principles and Elements:

1.      Purpose – refers to the goal a website. It is the
first to be defined in order to create a more organized and relevant website.

2.      Communication – to convey the intended information, it must
be concise and direct to the point. It must also be organized in a manner that
would entice readers.

3.      Typefaces – refers to the text format, text style and
text. The appearance of text greatly contributes to the perception of the
visitors to the website.

4.      Colors – these enhance the experience of visitors of
the website. They can introduce a mood or make the website lively and enticing
for the visitors.

5.      Images – these can deliver a complete message on
their own. Images with proper balance, color, contrast and size can contribute
to their impact on the site visitors.

6.      Navigation – refers to the facility that the audience
can use to go through the website’s contents. Navigation may be in the form a
hierarchical organization of information, placing buttons or links to direct
the visitors, or through search bars in which the visitors can type keywords or
phrases.

7.      Layouts – these refer to the physical arrangement of
the content and elements of a website. Typical layouts include but are not
limited to:

a.      Grid
– elements are organized in columns similar to a spreadsheet appearance.

b.      F-Pattern – most of the elements are placed on the top
and left sides of the screen.

c.       Mobile
– focuses on smartphones, tablets or smaller devices. Elements are minimal and
optimized for touch input.

8.      Load
Time – refers to the time it takes for a
webpage to completely load its contents. Websites with too much content tend to
have longer load times, thereby increasing the chances of visitors leaving
early. To minimize load time, only the necessary elements must be placed.

 

Activity
Sheet

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY – 11

Type of Activity:
        Concept
Notes

Activity Title:              Collaboration
and Team Content Development

Learning Target:         Discuss the roles
the different members of a team fulfill in order to accomplish a project.

Reference:                  Empowerment Technologies

Author:                       Argel
A. Bandala                                                                     Pages: 74-77

 

Collaboration

            Collaboration refers to individuals
working together in order to accomplish something like a project. A team is
divided into roles with specific responsibilities aimed at achieving a common
goal. Individuals are assigned roles in which they specialize in. By splitting
the work, tasks can be fulfilled independently from one another. However, there
are disadvantages to this independence. Individual outputs may overlap or fail
to integrate together.

Roles in a
Web Development Team:

1.      Project
Manager

The project manager sets the goals and
expectations for each member. He also sets the deadlines for each individual
while considering the actual deadline of the project. He is responsible for
ensuring constant communication with each member.

2.      Web
Strategist

The web strategist plans every step the team
should do in the stages of development. The structure and arrangement of the
website is also defined. After completion of the planning, execution is left to
the remaining members.

3.      Content
Specialist

The content specialist is the member with
expertise to write the content of the website. He is not necessarily a
development expert like a programmer, but he can be an experienced writer,
layout artist, etc.

4.      Web
Designer

The web designer is in charge of the visual
presentation of the website. His goal is to catch the attention of the viewers
using attractive visual design and layout.

5.      Developer

The developer brings the website to life based
on the outputs from the content specialist and web designer. He is also the
programmer who ensures that the website runs as it should.

6.      Inbound
Marketer

The inbound marketer uses different strategies
such as blogs, social media and advertisements to promote the website. He is in
charge of attracting viewers to the website in order for the website to fulfill
its goal.

 

Activity
Sheet

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY – 11

Type of Activity:
        Concept
Notes

Activity Title:              Multimedia:
Categories and Applications

Learning Target:         Identify and
discuss the different categories and applications of multimedia.

Reference:                  Empowerment Technologies

Author:                       Argel
A. Bandala                                                         Pages: 105-110

 

Terminologies:

§  Multimedia – refers to the different ICT content that
include texts, music, images, interactive content, animations or videos.

§  User Experience – defined as the behaviors shown (either good
or bad) by the person or individual that uses the application or product. It
can be evaluated by the emotions that an individual has while using the
product.

Categories of Multimedia (Manner of
Interaction):

1.     
Linear
– the flow of the content is predetermined by the creator. Progression is
straightforward. Examples: audio or video clips.

2.     
Nonlinear
– uses navigation components to give the user freedom to move around the
application and seek the information they want. Examples: websites, video games
and simulations.

Types of Multimedia (Forms and Manner of
Presentation):

1.     
Multimedia Games and Simulations – presents information by imitating a
real-life information source into a digital environment equivalent.

2.     
Multimedia Presentation – information is navigated in a sequence.
Examples: audio, video, slideshows/presentations.

3.     
Multimedia Navigation – uses different graphical elements and is
linked to different pages. Examples: websites, online presentations like Prezi.

Applications of Embedded Multimedia:

1.     
Advertisement – companies pay web hosts in exchange of
placing ads of their products on the websites.

2.     
Entertainment – includes movies, music and video games.

3.     
Education
– includes electronic and interactive books, research software and e-learning
technologies.

4.     
Industrial
– includes management information systems, point-of-sales systems, office
software and other technologies used in the work environment.