famous typhoid carrier who  gave rise to multiple outbreaks of typhoid
fever.Mary immigrated  US in 1883 and  made her living as a cook.  1900 to 1907  two dozen people fell ill   in New
York City & Long Island .In 1906, 
06 people in a household of 11 where Mary had worked in Oyster Bay, New York, became sick , the
home owners hired George Soper from Department of Health   who investigate
the outbreak. Other investigators 
concluded that the outbreak likely was caused by contaminated
water.  In 1907, when she start working in a Park
Avenue home in Manhattan following
an outbreak in a
household that involved a death . Soper met with Mary. He  linked all 22 cases of typhoid fever that had
been recorded in New York City and the Long Island area to Mary.Soper finally
overtook her and  committed to an
isolation centre .There she stayed, despite an appeal to the U.S. Supreme
Court, In 1910,  released her on
condition that she never  accept
employment in handling of food.Four years later Soper began looking for Mary
again when an epidemic broke
out at a sanatorium in Newfoundland, New Jersey,  Sloane Maternity Hospital in Manhattan. Mary
had worked  at both places. She was at
last found in a suburban home in Westchester county, New York, and was returned
to North Brother Island, where she remained the rest of her life.  In 1932  a paralytic
stroke led  her slow death six
years later.51 original cases & 03 deaths were directly attributed to her
(countless more were indirectly attributed), although she herself was immune to
the typhoid

Sin Nombre virus  (No-name virus in Spanish) 
Hantavirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family, enveloped, negative-sense,
single-stranded RNA virus.  Replicates
exclusively in the host cell cytoplasm. 
First isolated in the Four Corners Region of the US.HPS, henta pulmonary syndrome caused by SNV a rare disease but is frequently fatal, possessing
a 50% mortality rate. The flu-like symptoms are very severe.The
virus is endemic to rodents, so it is spread to humans through contact with
rodent droppings and urine accomplished by direct contact with excreta,
aerosolization of urine, especially due to sweeping in rodent-infested homes,
or contact with fomites, such as contaminated blankets or food storage areas. A
fever precedes other symptoms of myalgia, chills, headache, dizziness, cough,
nausea, shortness of breath. The patient’s fluid eventually shifts from the
circulation to the lungs, causing a high white blood count and a low platelet
count. The prodromal period exists for 3-5 days from time of infection. Cough
and shortness of breath generally develop by day 7. Once the cardiopulmonary
phase begins, the disease progresses rapidly and hospitalization is generally
required within 24 hours.There is no vaccine against SNV. The best defense is
proper hygiene and cleanliness.

TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME
caused by
release of poisonous substances from an overgrowth of bacteria called Staphylococcus
aureus, or staph, found
in women’s
bodies. menstruating women, especially those who use super-absorbent tampons.
The body responds with a sharp drop in blood
pressure that deprives organs of
oxygen and can lead to death.Late 1970s & early 1980s  deaths of several young women.It
has also been linked to the use of menstrual sponges, diaphragms, and cervical
caps. A woman who has recently given birth also has a higher chance of getting
toxic shock&it can happen to men and women who have been exposed to staph bacteria while recovering from surgery, a burn, an
open wound, or the use of a Prosthetic device.Upto 30% of women who have had
the disease will get it again.  people
suffer hypotensive shock, in which the heart and lungs stop working. General symptoms Fever,
Rash, Low Blood pressure, kidney problems or failure, Respiratory problems, Confusion.