Frame rate is the rate at which images appear on display.The frame rates used in stop motion is at 12fps, 15fps, 24fps or 30fps (Frame Per Second). Shooting a film on one’s means the animator moves the object they are animating every time a picture is taken. This makes the end result of the animation super smooth but it takes forever. Compared to shooting on twos means the animator moves the object they are animating every 2 frames. This makes the final product good quality and takes less time to animate. Some examples of animated films shot at different frames per second is Shaun the Sheep at 24FPS on twos, Robot Chicken at 30FPS on twos, ParaNorman at 24FPS on ones.Some animators like to change between the two, for example if an animator animates a character walking down a street on twos and a car drives by quickly in the same shot, the animator will want the car to be animated on ones, otherwises the end result won’t look right as it passes the screen. This means that the animator would move the puppet and move the car, take a frame, then move the car again without moving the puppet and take another frame.Joseph Plateau was on of the first people to demonstrate the illusion of a moving image. He create this through a Phenakistoscope. This consisted of two discs mounted on the same axis. These discs spin together in the same direction, because the first disc has slots on it, when looking at it through a mirror, the pictures on the second disc will appear to move. Phenakistoscope was the final name, but it was refer to as the Phantamascope and Fantoscope. The word Phenakistoscope, or as known in greek ?????????? means “to deceive” and  ?? – óps, meaning “eye”, so putting this words together could of been intended to translate into “optical illusion”.The Phenakistoscope was very successful for two years until William George Horner invented the Zoetrope in 1834. The Zoetrope is a cylinder drum with slots vertically in the sides. On the inner surface of the cylinder is a band of images from a sequenced set of pictures. When the drum is spun the pictures blur together which produces the illusion of movement. The word zoetrope was known in Greek as ?????????,  ??? zoe, “life” and ?????? tropos, “turning” , this can be translated to the “Wheel of life”.The Praxinoscope came 43 years after the Zoetrope. Invented in France in 1877 by Charles-Émile Reynaud. Very similar to the Zoetrope it uses a strip of pictures placed on the inside of the spinning cylinder. Although, they are similar the Praxinoscope removed the narrow slits and replaced them with a inner circle of mirrors, placed in the middle so the pictures appeared to move.So when someone looks at the mirrors they would see a rapid sequence of images with a brighter and less blurry picture than the Zoetrope. The word praxinoscope translate to “Action viewer”.